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考博英语语法之主谓一致中的易错点
英语学习与考试中,最常见的语法测试一般都会集中在几个点上,而做为英语语法中最常的考试,主谓语一致基本是每次英语考试都会考到.这种常见语法点虽然题目看上去非常简单,但是出错率也是居高不下的.今天华慧考博老师就列举一些考博英语中比较容易出错的考点供大家参考!■不定式短语、动词-ing形式或名词性从句作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
To remember English words is not easy. 记英语单词不容易。
Who will do the job hasn't been decided yet. 谁来做这项工作还没决定。
【注】what引导主语从句时，如果其表语是复数形式，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：
What he took with him were two books. 他带去的是两本书。
■“名词或代词+由with、together with、along with、as well as、besides、but、except、including、in addition to、like、no less than、rather than等引起的短语”作主语时，谓语动词与前面的名词或代词的数一致。如：
Mr. Li together with his two sons has gone to the cinema.
李先生和他的两个儿子看电影去了。
No one except the two boys was late for class. 除了两个男孩外，没有一个人迟到。
Li Ming, rather than his classmates, has let out the secret.
是李明透露了那个秘密，而不是他的同学透露的。
■“more than one/many a + 单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
More than one person has known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
Many a worker was killed in the accident. 在这个事故中死了许多工人。
【注】“more+复数名词 than one”作主语，谓语则用复数形式。如：
More persons than one have known it. 不止一个人知道这件事。
■不定代词one、no one、the other、another、anyone、anybody、someone、somebody、everyone、everybody、nobody、anything、something、everything、nothing、each、either 以及被each、every修饰的名词作主语，尽管有些表达复数意义，但是它们的谓语应该用单数形式。如：
Is everybody here today? 大家都到齐了吗？
Neither (book) is good. 两本书都不好。
None knows the weight of another’s burden. 见人挑担不吃力。
【注】neither、none作主语时，在口语或非正式文字中，谓语动词通常用复数，正式的书面语中用单数。如：
Are/Is neither of the teams playing this week?
这个星期两个队中有哪一个队要进行比赛？
None of them has/have been to the Great Wall. 他们中没有一个人去过长城。
不过，none作主语，其表语是单数，谓语用单数；表语是复数，谓语则用复数。
■“one of+名词复数”后面的定语从句， 谓语动词应该用复数；而“the (only) one of + 名词复数”后面的定语从句的谓语应该用单数形式。如：
He is one of the students that have passed the exam. 他是通过了考试的学生之一。
He is the (only) one of the students that has passed the exam.
他就是通过考试的那个学生。
■某些集体名词，如family、audience、class、club、company、crew、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
My family are all fond of going to the cinema. 我全家都爱看电影。
The family is rather big, with twelve people in all. 这个家庭很大，总共有12个人。
■“分数（百分数）+ of + 名词”以及 “all (most、some、any、half、a lot、part、the rest) + of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词的数一致。如：
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water.
地表四分之三都是水。
The rest of the students have gone home.
其余的学生都回家了。
The rest of the money was stolen.
其他的钱被人偷了。
■在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
On the wall hang two large portraits.
墙上挂着两幅大肖像。
Between the two rows of trees stands the teaching building.
在两排树之间是教学楼。
■“a number of +复数名词”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of +复数名词”意为“……的数目”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. 被邀请的人是五十个，但许多人由于不同原因缺席了。
■“a lot of /lots of /plenty of /a large quantity of /a large amount of +名词”作主语，谓语动词的数与名词的数一致。如：
A large amount of damage was done in a very short time.
在短时间内造成了很大的损害。
A great amount of our investments are in property.
我们大量的钱都投资到房地产。
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