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华慧考博:考博真题冲刺阶段听力答题和技巧
需要考察听力的考博院校，一般有医学统考、中国传媒大学、天津师范大学，北京大学等少数院校。难度基本可以参考两种，一种参考四六级考试。另外一种是接近专业四八级考试听力难度。进入真题冲刺阶段，建议有听力考查题型的相关院校考生，要严格根据所考院校历年真题的题型和难度来进行对应的模拟训练。下面华慧考博老师便以全国医学统考新大纲为例,向考生们讲解一下,考博英语备考到了真题冲刺阶段的时候该如何备考,以及在考试的时候需要注意的问题以及做题的技巧.
全国医学考博20年考试新大纲是将以前的对话全部整合，改成了section A 部分5则对话，每篇对话对应3个提问。和section B 部分，5则600-800字短文，每则对应3个提问。下面我们以医学考博新大纲题型为例，浅析下第三阶段听力做题方面的大体方法和技巧。
- 首先，考生在最后冲刺阶段模拟做题时，建议成套练习。控制好时间，把握好做题节奏。预读的技巧还是可以运用到答题过程中。听力正式播放题目之前，section A和B部分还是各有一则听力材料例题的播放时间。考生可以利用这段时间提前将下发的听力材料试题浏览一部分（如果有提前下发试卷的话）。 其次每则听力材料之间大概有半分钟左右停顿时间。每个提问之间间隔大概是12秒时间。这些都需要注意利用起来预读选项。
- 模拟训练做题过程中，要熟悉听力材料的长度和难度。Section A 中的对话，一般是100个单词左右一篇，大体长度是3轮左右的对话，医学科普话题和人文生活类话题参半。因为主要是考察逻辑推理、分析概括和归纳能力，题型主要有大意概括题、具体细节题和判断推理题。主要是提问方式可以分类归纳记忆。
What are the two speakers talking about? (讨论中心）
What is the main topic of the conversation? （谈论内容）
What is the conversation mainly talking about?
具体细节题的具体提问方式有：
What can we learn about ...?
What could... (对话中细节描述）...？
What did the （说话人）...... say about /refer to ...........?
推理判断题的具体提问方式有：
According to the conversation, what will happen ... (in the conversation)?
What can we say about ... according to the conversation?
Section B部分考察的形式基本类似。但是在细节和推理判断题方面的提问是有些其他方式。
How many (听力文章中细节理解）...?
What is the reason/the effect/ the consequences of ... (听力文章中的某段细节论点推断）？
Which of the following about ... can be true of ...?
等等。
- 短文听力虽然文章长度较往年有所缩减，但是推理判断题仍然是影响正确率的一个重要因素。考生可以通过分析对应听力材料的文本结构，然后在综合信息分析的基础上，仔细理解听力提问的出题意图，找到部分答题的规律。
Passage 2
Scientific experiments have demonstrated incredible ways to kill a guinea pig, a small furry animal. Emotional upsets generate powerful and deadly toxic substances. Blood samples taken from persons experiencing intense fear or anger when injected into guinea pigs have killed them in less than two minutes. Imagine what these poisonous substances can do to your own body. Every thought that you have affects your body chemistry within a split second. Remember how you feel when you are speeding down the highway and a big truck suddenly brakes twenty meters in front of you. A shock wave shoots through your whole system. Your mind produces instant reactions in your body. The toxic substances that fear, anger, frustration and stress produce not only kill guinea pigs but kill us off in a similar manner. (14) It is impossible to be fearful, anxious, irritated and healthy at the same time. It is not just difficult, it is impossible. Simply put, your body’s health is a reflection of your mental health. Sickness will often then be a result of unresolved inner conflicts which in time show up in the body. It is also fascinating how our subconscious mind shapes our health. Do you recall falling sick on a day when you didn’t want to go to school? Headaches brought on by fear? The mind-body connection is such that if, for example, we want to avoid something, very often our subconscious mind will arrange it. Once we recognize that these things happen to us, we are half way to doing something about them.
解析： 本篇短文主要讲的是对豚鼠做实验，研究结果表明，无论情绪还是潜意识，都对身体健康有很大的影响。尤其是消极情绪，对身体健康会产生极强的破坏作用。做首题12题需要关注开头；做短文题，利用好答案提示词also和for example。
第14题问：what does the speaker say is impossible? 考查的是关于短文中说话人所说的某个细节的理解。
A) To succeed while feeling irritated.
当感觉暴躁的时候会取得成功。
- To feel happy without good health.
- To be free from frustration and failure.
- To enjoy good health while in dark moods。
关键词irritated和healthy同时出现在第一句的划线句子中，对应选项D中的 in dark moods和enjoy good health。句子主干已经告知了人不可能“一些负面情绪”和“健康身体状况”兼而有之。
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